内容简介

This time of writing is the hundredth anniversary of the publication (1892) of Poincare's first note on topology, which arguably marks the beginning of the subject of algebraic, or "combinatorial," topology. There was earlier scattered work by Euler, Listing (who coined the word "topology"), M/Sbius and his band, Riemann, Klein, and Betti. Indeed, even as early as 1679, Leibniz indicated the desirability of creating a geometry of the topological type. The establishment of topology (or "analysis situs" as it was often called at the time) as a coherent theory, however, belongs to Poincar6.
Curiously, the beginning of general topology, also called "point set
topology," dates fourteen years later when Fr6chet published the first abstract treatment of the subject in 1906.
Since the beginning of time, or at least the era of A'rchimedes, smooth　manifolds (curves, surfaces, mechanical configurations, the universe) have　been a central focus in mathematics. They have always been at the core of　interest in topology. After the seminal work of Milnor, Smale, and many　others, in the last half of this century, the topological aspects of smooth　manifolds, as distinct from the differential geometric aspects, became a subject in its own right. While the major portion of this book is devoted to algebraic topology, I attempt to give the reader some glimpses into the beautiful and important realm of smooth manifolds along the way, and to instill the tenet that the algebraic tools are primarily intended for the understanding of the geometric world.